Stem Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Malformations

Introduction

Spina Bifida is a kind of a congenital malformation, i.e. a birth defect in which an area of the spinal cord in not formed properly, leaving behind the section of the spinal cord and the spinal nerves exposed through an opening in the back. The defect is also called as the neural tube defect affecting the back bone and sometimes the spinal cord. It is associated with the three forms based on the severity of the disease.

• Spina Bifida Occulta: – It is usually a symptom less form, characterized by the defect or gap with one or more of the small bones of the vertebrae of the spine. In this case, the spinal cord and nerves are usually normal and most affected individuals can live their normal life.
• Meningocele: – This is the rarest form of malformation. It comprises of the formation of cysts or membrane surrounding the spinal cord pokes through the open part of the spine. However the variable cyst can be removed by surgery.
• Myelomeningocele: – This is the most severe form of the defect wherein the cyst holds the nerve root of the spinal cord or often the cord itself. In some cases there may not be any cyst but only a fully exposed portion of the spinal cord often associated with the hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is the condition associated with rapid collection of the cerebro-spinal fluid in brain.

Although mild form of the spina bifida is usually associated with no paralysis, can be treated with just a surgery, the severe form needs to be attended promptly generally within 24 – 48 hrs after birth. Prompt surgery is the only available treatment option to avoid nerve infection and additional damage. However, nerve damage that has already occurred cannot be reversed and limb paralysis and bladder and bowel problem usually remain. For such defects, stem cells have shown tremendous advances in the form of expression of neurons, glia and myoblasts in the defective spinal cord. They are known to induce the surrounding spinal tissue to express neurotrophic factors.

Symptoms

Symptoms associated with Spinal Cord Malformation may very widely depending on the type of defect listed above. They may be as follows

• Physical and Intellectual disability
• Urinary and bowel control
• Abnormal tuft or a clump of hair on the skin at the site of spinal malformation
• Visible fluid filled sac on the back protruding from the spinal canal
• Muscle weakness in the feet, legs and hips.
• Lack of concentration
• Difficulty with reading
• Difficulty solving problems

Advantages

Stem Cell Treatment for Spinal Cord Malformations

Within the context of the defect, researchers have demonstrated several findings describing the therapeutic potential of Autologous Stem cells. These cells are known to aid in bladder regeneration and reduce bowel problems. These cells are also additionally known to improve vascularisation promoting early healing.

The treatment at Advancells is focused mainly on improving the patient’s quality of life apart from repairing the damaged tissues and restoring its lost function.It involves exploitation of the most potent stem cells isolated from patients own bone marrow or adipose tissue or may be both depending upon the assessment. Our top priority is to provide very comprehensive, individualized treatment pattern which is best suited for the patients undergoing treatment. Stem cells are injected through lumbar puncture in one of the vertebrae.

At Advancells, our goal to allow the individual to achieve the highest possible level of function and independence. With the planned rehabilitation approach we ensure emotional development of the patient to facilitate early healing.

Step-1 Qualification for Treatment

A safety and efficacy assessment is done to qualify the patient for treatment

Step-2 Source Extraction

With the physician’s approval and guidance the source from which stem cells are to be collected is decided. The specified amount of sample will be extracted from patients own body on the intimated date and time. The whole procedure will take about 45 mins, whether its bone marrow or adipose tissue. In case of extraction from both the sources the patient has to be with us for little longer time.

Step-3 Laboratory Processing

The stem cells collected from the source are sent to a government certified cGMP lab for processing. Here both the quantity and the quality of the stem cells are measured. These cells possess the ability to multiply themselves into multiple types of cells which are capable of regenerating or repairing damaged tissues.

Step-4 Stem Cell Implantation

Stem Cells are implanted into the body using the following methods: 

Intrathecal Administration (Lumbar Puncture)

Following Treatment

Once treated patients are allowed to return to their home or hotel on the same day. Only in certain cases a days stay at the clinic will be advised.

Treatment Evaluation Process

Patients need to fill an online medical history form in order to be evaluated for stem cell treatment. Once the completed form is received, one of our patient relations consultants will get in touch with you. He/she will provide you the required assistance during the whole evaluation process. Once your treatment is approved, your consultant will also guide and assist you in scheduling your treatment and travel.